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开始接触。在巴西，当地的联系者是必需的。你的第一封联络信件应该用葡萄牙语写，并且说明，如果可能的话，以后你将用英语联络。要提前两周预定约会，要在办公室而不是在饭店或者酒吧见面。不要希望很快就进入谈生意的阶段，巴西人需要时间来了解你。　 Commencement of contact – It is necessary to have a local contact in Brazil. The first contact letter should be written in Portuguese, and you should specify that you may use English for future contact if possible. You should schedule appointment two weeks in advance; the meeting place must be in the office and not in hotel or bar. Do not expect to reach the business discussion stage quickly because Brazilians need time to understand you. 关系。在谈生意之前，要花费一定的时间来建立良好的、令人愉悦的、 放松的关系。闲聊的好话题有足球、巴西历史、文学和旅游地，还有，你的家乡和地区的事情。在要做大生意之前，你或许需要到巴西访问两到三次。和其他拉丁人一样，巴西人重视深厚的、长期的关系。　　 Relationship – You need time to establish a good, pleasant and relaxing relationship before business discussion. Good topics for small talks are soccer, Brazilian history, literature and places for sightseeing, as well as the events in your region and your hometown. You may need to visit Brazil two or three times before starting a big business. Brazilians attach great importance to profound and long term relationship just like other Latin Americans. 时间观念。在巴西南部，商务人士越来越看重严格的计划表和准时性，尤其是在圣保罗（Sao Paulo）———全国的商业首府，但是对于贪玩的人来说，时钟以不同的速度在转动。在那里，你或许会发现你要等待你的当地伙伴一个小时或者更长时间。但是，商务访问者还是应该准时。　　 Concept of time – In the southern part of Brazil, especially in the commercial capital of the country, Sao Paulo, strict schedule and punctuality is increasingly valued by business people; but to some playful people, the clock is turning with a different speed. In that place, you may find yourself waiting for an hour or more for your local partner to turn up. However, business visitors still have to be punctual. 等级制度、社会地位和尊敬程度。在巴西，一个人的地位更多地取决于他的社会阶层、教育和家庭背景而不是个人成就。商务访问者可以通过下列方式提高他们的社会地位：在智力追求方面表现出强烈的兴趣，着装得体和住在高档的宾馆。　　 Hierarchy, social status and degree of respect – In Brazil, the status of an individual is not based on his personal achievement but more on his social level, education and family background. Business visitors can enhance their social status by the following ways: Exhibit strong interest in the aspect of intellectual pursuit, wear proper business attire and stay in high class hotel. 富于表情的交流风格。巴西人民热情、友好，一般都很健谈，善于运用非语言表达方式以及在公众场合表露自己的情绪。如果你在谈话的过程中被人打断，不要生气，因为在巴西打断谈话并不是无礼的行为。但是，在谈判中，要避免直接的冲突。另一个表示友好的方式就是，巴西人在说话时，相互站的很近，并且和谈话的人之间有强烈的眼神接触。男性和女性都经常性地使用手势。不要做出“A-OK”的手势，这在巴西是个很不礼貌的手势。另一方面，“fig”手势，在一些拉丁美洲国家属于粗俗的手势，但是在巴西却表示祝你好运。这个手势的做法是，握紧拳头，大拇指在食指和中指之间，指向朝上。 Expressive communication style – Brazilians are passionate and friendly, generally they are brilliant conversationalists, adept in non-language expression approach and showing their emotions in public. Don’t get angry if you are interrupted during conversation because this is not a rude behavior in Brazil. However, you must avoid direct confrontation during negotiation. Another way of showing friendliness is that Brazilians stand very close to their counterparts when talking, and there make strong eye contacts. Both males and females often use gestures. Don’t make “A-OK” gesture because this is rude in Brazil. On the other hand, the “fig” gesture which is considered uncivilized in some Latin American countries, is a sign of wishing good luck in Brazil. The way to do it is like this: Clench your fist, with your thumb pointing upwards between the index and middle fingers. 衣着规范。通常，男性经理们穿流行的三件套，办公室职员穿两件套。男性访问者应该知道 ，合适的商业服饰经常会包括长袖衬衫，即使是在夏天。巴西男士会和穿短袖的男访问者开玩笑，称其为女式衬衫。商业女性应该穿端庄的套装或者礼服，还有衬衫和裙子。女士的衬衫可以是短袖的。男性和女性都应该避免穿黄色和绿色的服装，因为那是巴西国旗的颜色 Dress code – Generally, a male manager wears the popular three-piece suit, while the staffs in the office wear two-piece suits. Male visitors should be aware that appropriate business attire often includes a long-sleeved shirt, even in summer. A male visitor wearing short-sleeved shirt will be laughed at by Brazilians as wearing blouse. A business woman should wear a demure suit or formal attire, also blouse and skirt, and the blouse can be short-sleeved. All men and women should avoid wearing apparel in yellow and green because they are the colors of Brazilian national flag. 【英语牛人团】

In this paper, the degradation of an azo dye Orange G (OG) on nitrogen-doped TiO2 photocatalysts has been investigated under visible light and sunlight irradiation. 在本文中,降解偶氮染料的橙色克(噩)在nitrogen-doped二氧化钛光触媒已被调查在可见光与阳光照射。 Under visible light irradiation, the doped TiO2 nanocatalysts demonstrated higher activity than the commercial Dugussa P25 TiO2, allowing more efficient utilization of solar light, while under sunlight, P25 showed higher photocatalytic activity. 在可见光照射,掺杂二氧化钛nanocatalysts证明商业Dugussa较高的活性比P25二氧化钛,让更多的有效利用太阳能光,而在阳光下,P25显示高催化活性。 According to the X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV–vis spectr analyses, it was found that both the nanosized anatase structure and the appearance of new absorption band in the visible region caused by nitrogen doping were responsible for the significant enhancement of OG degradation under visible light. 根据x射线衍射仪(XRD)、x射线光电子能谱(XPS)和紫外吸收spectr分析,发现两者的纳米anatase结构和外观的新型吸声乐队在可见光区域造成氮掺杂负责降解明显提高可见光下王噩国的二城。 In addition, the photosensitized oxidation mechanism originated from OG itself was also considered contributing to the higher visible-light-induced degradation efficiency. 此外,论述了氧化机制源于噩本身还被认为是导致了更高的visible-light-induced降解效率。 The effect of the initial pH of the solution and the dosage of hydrogen peroxide under different light sources was also investigated. 效果的初始溶液酸度的过氧化氢的用量下研究了各种不同的光源。 Under visible light and sunlight, the optimal solution pH was both 2.0, while the optimal dosage of H2O2 was 5.0 and 15.0 mmol/l, respectively. 可见光和阳光下,最优解,而既2.0 pH值的最优用量5.0和15.0过氧化氢中毒/ l,分别。 Azodyes, which are characterized by the presence of one or more azo bonds ( N N ), are among the most notorious widespread environmental pollutants associated with textile,cosmetic, food colorants, printing, and pharmaceutical indus-tries. Azodyes,其特点是在场的一个或更多的氮(N N),债券是属于最臭名昭著的普遍存在的环境污染物相关纺织、化妆品、食品着色剂、印刷、和制药indus-tries。 Because of their non-degradability, toxicity, potential mutagenicity and carcinogenicity, wastewaters originating from these dyes production or application industries pose a major threat to the surrounding ecosystems and human beings’ health.[1–3].Environmental concerns and the need of meeting the strin-gent international standards for rejecting wastewaters has made the development of novel and cost-effective processes for the purification of azo dyes effluents an issue of major technological importance. 因为他们的non-degradability、毒性、潜在致癌性和丰水期,源自这些染料废水生产或应用产业构成重大威胁到周围的生态系统和人类的健康。[1 - 3].Environmental问题,需要满足国际标准strin-gent拒绝废水,取得了发展商的小说及高性价比的提纯工艺偶氮染料废水问题的主要技术的重要性。